How many nest boxes for 20 chickens? | Best Nest box guide

Keeping Backyard Chickens, has gained popularity in recent years as more people are seeing the benefits of raising chickens. Keeping chickens is such a rewarding hobby which involves the care and management of chickens for egg production, meat, and companionship. Once you add your first few chickens there’s no doubt that you will be adding more. It’s called chicken math, where you start with six chickens then somehow you end up with 20 chickens and the numbers keep increasing from there. So when chicken math hits your home you may have the question. How many nesting boxes for 20 chickens? Well I’m here to help! I will give you all the details you need to know about nest boxes and even some DIY nest boxes for your growing flock!

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Why do Chickens Need Nest Boxes?

Nest boxes are an important part the chicken coop for several reasons, they contribute to the well-being of both the chickens and the people who care for them.

• Egg Collection and Protection: Nest boxes provide a designated, clean, and secure space for hens to lay their eggs. This makes it easier for chicken keepers to locate and collect eggs without having to search for them throughout the coop or garden. Eggs laid in nest boxes are also less likely to be damaged, ensuring a higher percentage of viable and intact eggs for consumption, sale or hatching.
• Prevention of Egg Eating: When chickens have access to comfortable and private nest boxes, there is a reduced likelihood of them accidentally breaking or pecking at their eggs. Chickens may develop a habit of egg eating if they find eggs lying around the coop, and the presence of nest boxes helps deter this behavior.
• Broodiness Management: Nest boxes can be strategically designed to discourage broody behavior if necessary. A broody hen is inclined to sit on eggs to incubate them. By providing nest boxes with features that make them less attractive for prolonged sitting, such as adequate ventilation, eggs are less likely to accumulate, reducing the chances of broodiness. If you have a broody hen who keeps stealing eggs you can provide her with fake eggs to keep her busy! She won’t know the difference.
• Comfort and Security: Chickens prefer a quiet, dark, and enclosed space for laying eggs. Nest boxes provide this ideal environment, making hens feel secure and comfortable during the egg-laying process. This, in turn, promotes a consistent laying routine and encourages the hens to use the designated nesting areas.
• Cleanliness and Hygiene: Nest boxes help maintain a cleaner and more hygienic environment in the coop. Eggs laid in nest boxes are less likely to be soiled by dirt or feces, promoting better egg quality. Additionally, easily accessible nest boxes make it simpler for chicken keepers to clean and sanitize these areas regularly.

What is the right size nest box for chickens?

The best nesting box size for chickens can vary depending on several factors, including breeds of chicken, number of hens, coop layout, and more:

Breed of your chickens:

• Standard breeds (Leghorns, Plymouth Rocks, etc.): 12 inches x 12 inches x 12 inches is a good standard size. Ideal for most standard breeds like Leghorns, Rhode Island Reds, and Plymouth Rocks.
• Larger breeds (Orpingtons, Brahmas, etc.): Consider a slightly larger box, up to 14 inches x 14 inches x 14 inches. Recommended for large breeds like Orpingtons, Brahmas, and Jersey Giants.
• Bantams: Smaller boxes around 10 inches x 10 inches x 10 inches are sufficient. Suitable for bantam breeds like Wyandottes, Cochins, and Silkies.

Number of hens per box:

• Ideally, one nest box per 4 hens. This helps to prevent overcrowding and competition for laying space.
• Consider adding boxes if you have particularly dominant hens or if your flock is large.

Your coop layout:

• Measure the available space in your coop to ensure the nest boxes fit comfortably.
• Consider the height of the boxes, ensuring they are easily accessible for your chickens.

Additional factors:

• Ventilation: Choose boxes with proper ventilation to prevent moisture buildup.
• Easy cleaning: Opt for designs with removable floors or doors for effortless cleaning.
• Comfort: Use soft and absorbent bedding materials like straw, wood shavings, or commercial nesting pads.

As a general rule of thumb, it’s better to err on the side of slightly larger boxes rather than too small. This ensures your hens have enough space to lay comfortably and prevents them from feeling cramped and laying in unwanted areas.

Nest Box Nesting Materials

The choice of nesting material for chicken nest boxes is crucial for providing a comfortable and clean environment for egg-laying hens. Here are several commonly used and recommended nesting materials:

1. Straw: Straw is a popular nesting material for chickens. It provides a soft and comfortable bed for eggs, and its structure allows for good air circulation, reducing the risk of mold and mildew. Straw is also relatively inexpensive and readily available.
2. Hay: Hay is similar to straw but is typically softer and more flexible. It offers a cozy nest for chickens, and like straw, it allows for good air circulation. Hay is often used in combination with straw for added comfort.
3. Shavings or Wood Chips: Pine shavings or wood chips can be used as nesting material. They provide a soft and absorbent surface for eggs. Ensure that the shavings are clean and free from dust. However, wood shavings should be used carefully as some types may contain aromatic oils that could irritate a chicken’s respiratory system.
4. Dried Grass or Leaves: Dried grass or leaves can be a natural and cost-effective nesting material. Chickens may enjoy arranging these materials to their liking. Ensure that the grass or leaves are free from pesticides or contaminants.
5. Nesting Pads or Liners: Commercially available nesting pads or liners made from materials like straw or recycled paper can be convenient and easy to replace. They offer a clean and consistent nesting surface.
6. Nesting Boxes with AstroTurf or Artificial Grass: Some chicken keepers use artificial turf or grass mats in nest boxes. These materials are easy to clean and provide a comfortable surface for laying eggs. They can be a good option for easy maintenance.

Are Pine Needles Ok in Nest Boxes?

Using pine needles in your chicken nest boxes is a debated topic, with both pros and cons for you to consider. 

Pros:

• Natural deterrent: Pine needles are thought to repel mites, lice, and other pests due to their aromatic oils and sharp edges. This can be beneficial for overall coop hygiene and chicken health.
• Comfortable bedding: Some chickens find pine needles soft and insulating, making them a comfortable choice for laying eggs.
• Absorbent: Pine needles can absorb some moisture from droppings, helping to keep the nest box dry and prevent the growth of bacteria.
• Price: It’s free if you harvest from your own trees or ask your neighbors. If you have to source Pine Needles online or elsewhere you may have to pay for them.

Cons:

• Sharpness: Pine needles can be sharp and scratchy, potentially causing discomfort or even injuring your chickens’ delicate feet and legs.
• Mold growth: Pine needles can hold moisture, creating an environment conducive to mold growth, which can be harmful to your chickens’ respiratory health.
• Fire hazard: Dry pine needles are highly flammable, posing a fire risk if they come into contact with heat sources like heat lamps.
• Messy: Pine needles can easily shed and spread outside the nest box, creating an additional cleaning task.

Recommendations:

• If you decide to use pine needles, choose soft, young needles and avoid sharp, older ones.
• Mix the pine needles with other nesting materials like straw or wood shavings to create a softer and more comfortable bedding.
• Change the bedding frequently to prevent moisture buildup and mold growth.
• Monitor your chickens closely for any signs of discomfort or irritation from the pine needles.

When choosing nesting material, please consider the preferences of your specific chicken breed, local availability, and the ease of cleaning and replacing the material. It’s important to regularly clean and refresh the nesting material to maintain a hygienic, clean environment and ensure the happiness of your chickens. Observing your chickens’ behavior can also help you determine their preferences for nesting material.

5 DIY Chicken Nest Boxes

Creating DIY nest boxes for chickens can be a fun and cost-effective way to provide comfortable spaces for your hens to lay eggs. 

Here are five simple ideas for DIY nest boxes:

Milk Crate Nest Box:

• Materials:
  • Milk crates
  • Scrap wood or plywood
  • Screws
• Instructions:
  • Attach the milk crates to the wall of the coop using screws.
  • Place scrap wood or plywood at the bottom of the crate to create a solid base.
  • Ensure that the crates are securely fastened and provide enough space for the hens.

5-Gallon Bucket Nest Box:

• Materials:
  • 5-gallon buckets
  • Scrap wood or plywood
  • Screws
• Instructions:
  • Cut an opening in the side of the bucket, creating an entrance for the hens.
  • Attach the bucket to the wall at an appropriate height using screws.
  • Place scrap wood or plywood at the bottom of the bucket for a stable surface.

Wooden Crate Nest Box:

• Materials:
  • Wooden crates or boxes
  • Scrap wood or plywood
  • Screws
• Instructions:
  • Secure the wooden crates horizontally to the coop wall with screws.
  • Add a piece of scrap wood or plywood to create a solid floor inside the crate.
  • Ensure that the opening of the crate is wide enough for the hens to enter comfortably.

Repurposed Dresser Drawer Nest Box:

• Materials:
  • Old dresser drawers
  • Scrap wood or plywood
  • Screws
• Instructions:
  • Remove the drawer from an old dresser.
  • Attach the drawer horizontally to the wall of the coop using screws.
  • Place scrap wood or plywood at the bottom for a secure floor.

Pallet Nest Box:

• Materials:
  • Pallet
  • Saw
  • Screws
• Instructions:
  • Disassemble a pallet and use the individual boards.
  • Cut the boards to the desired size and assemble a box shape.
  • Attach the pallet box securely to the coop wall.

When constructing DIY nest boxes, ensure that they are stable, secure, and easy to clean. Place them in a quiet and shaded area of the coop to create a comfortable and inviting space for your chickens to lay their eggs. Adjust the dimensions and designs based on the size and preferences of your chicken flock.

How Many Nest boxes for 20 chickens

The number of chicken nesting boxes needed for 20 chickens depends on several factors, including the size and breed of the chickens, as well as their behavior. As a general guideline, you can use the following recommendations:

1. 1 Nest Box for Every 4-5 Hens: A common recommendation is to provide one nest box for every 4 to 5 hens. This ratio helps prevent overcrowding and competition for nesting space. With 20 chickens, you should have at least 4 to 5 nest boxes.
2. Observation and Adjustment: Monitor the behavior of your chickens to ensure they are comfortable and not exhibiting signs of stress or aggression related to nesting. If you notice that some hens are consistently being excluded or if there are issues with egg-laying, you may need to adjust the number of nest boxes.
3. Variety of Nesting Spaces: Chickens may show a preference for certain nest boxes, and providing a variety of nesting spaces can help accommodate their preferences. This could include different types of DIY nest boxes or boxes placed in different locations within the coop.
4. Space Considerations: Ensure that the nest boxes are spaced apart adequately to allow easy access for the chickens. Avoid overcrowding in a confined space, as this can lead to stress and potential issues with egg-laying.
5. Coop Layout: Consider the layout and design of your chicken coop. Nest boxes should be placed in a quiet and dark area to encourage hens to use them. Make sure the boxes are easily accessible and provide a sense of privacy.

Remember that these are general guidelines, and the specific needs of your flock may vary. Regularly observe your chickens and their behavior to ensure that they have sufficient access to nesting space, and be prepared to make adjustments if needed. Providing the right number of nest boxes contributes to a more comfortable and stress-free environment for your hens, ultimately promoting healthier egg production. You’ll notice that your chickens will have a preferred nesting box and will sometimes fight over that box lol.

How to Get Clean Eggs From your Chickens

Obtaining clean eggs from your chickens involves maintaining a clean and healthy environment for the hens and implementing proper egg collection and handling practices. Sometimes you’ll have hens that like to sleep in nest boxes as opposed to roosting. When they do this they also poop in the boxes which can cause dirty eggs.

Here are some tips to help you get clean eggs from your chickens:

Clean Coop and Nest Boxes:

• Regularly clean the chicken coop, removing droppings, old bedding, and any debris.
• Clean and disinfect nest boxes to provide a hygienic space for egg-laying.

Adequate Bedding Material:

• Use suitable bedding materials such as straw, hay, or wood shavings in nest boxes to create a clean and comfortable surface for eggs.

Regular Egg Collection:

• Collect eggs regularly, preferably multiple times a day. This reduces the likelihood of eggs being soiled or cracked by other hens.

Elevate Nest Boxes:

• Elevate nest boxes to discourage chickens from roosting or spending excessive time in them. This helps prevent soiling of the nesting material.

Proper Ventilation:

• Ensure good ventilation in the coop to prevent excessive moisture buildup, which can contribute to dirty eggs.

Avoid Nest Box Crowding:

• Provide an adequate number of nest boxes to prevent overcrowding. Overcrowded nest boxes may lead to broken eggs and increased chances of soiling.

Regularly Check for Broody Hens:

• Check for broody hens that may stay in the nest boxes for extended periods. This can lead to soiled eggs and should be addressed promptly.

Gentle Egg Handling:

• Handle eggs gently to avoid cracking or damaging the shells. Use both hands to cradle the egg and prevent unnecessary pressure.

Cleaning Dirty Eggs:

• If an egg is soiled, wipe it gently with a dry cloth or use fine sandpaper to remove dirt. Avoid using water, as wet eggs can absorb contaminants more easily.

Proper Storage:

• Store collected eggs in a cool and clean environment. Refrigerate eggs promptly if you don’t plan to use them immediately.

When you implement these practices, you can create a clean and healthy environment that encourages your chickens to lay eggs in a designated, sanitary space. Regular maintenance and attention to cleanliness are key factors in obtaining clean and high-quality eggs from your flock.

Raising Chickens from Hatch to Coop here!

Choose the Best Nest Box for your Chickens

Choosing the best nest box for your chickens depends on several factors, including the number of chickens, budget, and coop setup.

Here are some top nesting box ideas, each with their strengths and considerations:

Best Overall:

• Roll out Nest Boxes: This innovative design features a sloped floor that gently rolls eggs away from hens and into a separate collection area, preventing breakage and making egg gathering a breeze.

Pros:

• Prevents egg breakage and keeps eggs clean
• Easy egg collection
• Durable and spacious

Cons:

• Higher price point than some other options
• Some initial training may be required for hens to adapt to the rolling mechanism

Best Budget-Friendly:

• Eton MyCozyNest Plastic Laying Nest: This affordable plastic nest box makes for easy cleaning and disinfecting, making it ideal for maintaining hygiene in your coop. It offers ample space for hens to lay comfortably and features ventilation holes for air circulation. 

Pros:

• Budget-friendly
• Easy to clean and disinfect
• Spacious and well-ventilated

Cons:

• Not as durable as metal nest boxes
• May not be suitable for large or heavy hens

Best for Large Flocks:

• Duncan’s Poultry 8 Hole Hen Nest: This galvanized steel nest box features eight individual compartments, providing ample laying space for large flocks. It’s well-ventilated, easy to clean, and built to last. 

Pros:

• Accommodates large flocks
• Durable and easy to clean
• Well-ventilated

Cons:

• Larger sizes may require more space in your coop
• Can be more expensive than single-compartment nest boxes

Other factors to consider when choosing a nest box:

• Number of hens: Ensure you have enough nest boxes for all your hens, ideally one per four hens.
• Nest box height: Choose a height that’s easily accessible for your hens to enter and exit.
• Ventilation: Proper ventilation helps prevent moisture buildup and ammonia fumes.
• Predators: If predators are a concern, consider predator-proof nest boxes with secure closures.

Ultimately, the best nest box for your chickens is the one that meets your specific needs and preferences. Do your research, compare features, and choose the option that best suits your flock and coop setup. With the right nest boxes, your chickens will be happy and productive layers, providing you with fresh, delicious eggs for years to come.

Chicken Keeping Essentials

A well-equipped backyard chicken coop is key to happy and healthy hens, and ultimately, a successful and rewarding chicken-keeping experience. Here are the essentials you’ll need:

Shelter and Security:

• Coop: The coop shelters your hens from the elements and predators. Choose a sturdy, weatherproof structure with adequate ventilation and insulation for your climate. Aim for at least 4 square feet per chicken inside.
• Run: A secure outdoor run allows your chickens to exercise, forage, and enjoy fresh air. It should be at least twice the size of the coop and enclosed by predator-proof fencing.
• Doors and windows: Easy access for cleaning and collecting eggs is crucial. Consider predator-proof locks on doors.

The Backyard Chicken Coop we Recommend! Here!

Nesting and Laying:

• Nest boxes: Provide one box for every 4 hens, ideally in a quiet, dark corner. Choose appropriate sizes for your breed and ensure they’re well-ventilated and easy to clean.
• Nesting materials: Soft, absorbent bedding like straw, wood shavings, or a commercial nest pad can keep eggs clean and comfortable for laying.

Feeding and Watering:

• Feeders: Choose sturdy, spill-proof feeders for both dry feed and grit. Consider automatic feeders for convenience and portion control.
• Waterers: Fresh, clean water should be readily available at all times. Choose automatic waterers for minimal maintenance or opt for self-filling models.

Cleaning and Hygiene:

• Bedding: Change bedding regularly to prevent the buildup of moisture and ammonia. Deep clean the coop thoroughly at least once a month.
• Dust baths: Chickens love dust baths to clean their feathers and prevent parasites. Provide a dust bath area filled with dry dirt, sand, or ashes.
• Health care: Regularly check your chickens for signs of illness or injury. Consult a veterinarian if needed.

Additional Essentials:

• Lighting: Provide supplemental lighting in winter to maintain egg laying. Choose timer-controlled options for convenience.
• Roosting Bars: Sturdy, elevated perches are essential for chickens to sleep and roost comfortably. Ensure they’re at different heights to accommodate all your hens.
• First-aid kit: Be prepared for minor cuts, scrapes, and other emergencies.
• Egg cartons and storage: Keep your fresh eggs clean and organized.

Bonus Tip: Make the coop predator-proof! Bury fencing around the perimeter to deter digging predators, and consider adding predator-proof wire or mesh to the run and windows.

Remember, these are just the essential starting points. As you gain experience and learn your chickens’ needs, you can personalize your coop with additional features like nesting box curtains, greenery, and even enrichment toys to keep your feathered friends happy and entertained.

By providing your chickens with a well-equipped and comfortable coop, you’ll be rewarded with a thriving flock and years of delicious, homegrown eggs!

Learn How to Care for Chickens in Winter Here!

Best Bedding For your Chicken Coop

Choosing the best bedding for chicken coops is essential for providing a clean, comfortable, and healthy environment for your chickens. It’s a good idea to try out several bedding materials to see which one(s) works for your flock. 

These options are easy to find in stores or online:

Straw:

• Pros: Straw is widely used for its affordability, availability, and insulating properties. It provides a soft and comfortable surface for chickens to walk on and is effective in absorbing moisture.
• Cons: It may break down more quickly than other materials, requiring more frequent replacement.

Hay:

• Pros: Hay is similar to straw but is typically softer and more flexible. It provides good insulation, and its natural texture encourages scratching behavior.
• Cons: Like straw, it may break down relatively quickly and can be more expensive than other options.

Wood Shavings:

• Pros: Wood shavings, particularly those made from softwoods like pine, are absorbent and provide good insulation. They have a pleasant scent and can be effective in controlling odors.
• Cons: Make sure to use kiln-dried shavings to avoid potential respiratory issues associated with aromatic oils.

Sand:

• Pros: Sand is excellent for drainage and easy to clean. It doesn’t harbor pests like mites or lice, and it can be raked to remove waste easily. Sand also provides a dust-bathing area for chickens.
• Cons: Sand may not provide as much insulation as other materials, so it’s advisable to layer it with straw or shavings in colder climates.

Pine Pellets:

• Pros: Pine pellets, made from compressed sawdust, are absorbent and break down into a soft bedding material. They expand when wet and are effective at controlling odors.
• Cons: They may need more frequent replacement compared to other materials.

Hemp Bedding:

• Pros: Hemp bedding is highly absorbent, controls odors well, and is eco-friendly. It has antimicrobial properties and can be more durable than straw or hay.
• Cons: It may be less readily available and more expensive than other options.

When choosing your bedding, consider factors such as availability, cost, absorbency, insulation properties, and your local climate. Additionally, regular cleaning and maintenance of the coop, along with the addition of fresh bedding when needed, are crucial for keeping a healthy and comfortable environment for your chickens. Some options you will need to clean more frequently and others not as frequent so just be aware of that when making your choice.

Now you are an expert at chicken nest boxes! You know how many nest boxes you need for 20 chickens and you know that no matter how many nest boxes you have your chickens will have their favorite nesting box and they will fight over it lol. A good rule of thumb when trying to pick the right next box is to start with low-cost options. You’d be surprised at what chickens will lay eggs in. A basic nest box doesn’t have to cost a fortune. Try a milk crate or build a nest box out of scrap wood you have lying around. The best material for a nest box in my opinion is anything plastic because it’s easy to clean and sterilize if needed.

Happy Chicken Keeping!